Smoke and gas returning apparatus for steam-boilers



(No Model.)

` P. STRAUSS. SMOKE AND GAS RETURNING APPARATUS FOR STEAM BOILERS.

Pansenited Jan. 4,1898.

R L @Wg )NVE/WOR,

f A TTORN PATENT Frisia PETER STRAUSS, OF LEAVENXVORTH, KANSAS.

SMOKE AND GAS RETURNING APPARATUS FORSTEAM-BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 596,638, dated January 4, 1898.

Application filed March 23, 1 8 9 7.

To @ZZ whom it may oon/cern:

Be it known that I, PETER STRAUss, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Leavenworth, in the county of Leavenworth and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke and Gas Returning and Mixing Apparatus for Steam-Boiler Furnaces; v and I do hereby de clare that the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description of the invention, such as will enable others to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specilication.

The object of my invention is, primarily, to return the smoke and gas liberated by combustion of the fuel in the furnace, to aid combustion and thus prevent any smoke from escaping from the furnace; second, to collect the gas and smoke beneath the grate effected by a draft and aid combustion; third, to intercept the smoke and gas within the smoke` flue.

My invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, such as will first be fully described, and specifically pointed outin the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a steam-boiler furnace, showing the furnace front plate and the front of the steam-boiler broken awa-y and my. improved smoke and gas returning apparatus connected with the boiler and extending Within the furnace and thevsmokeflue. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the steam-boiler and lfurnace with the top of the furnace removed and with the rear end of the boiler and furnace broken away, also showingthe smoke-fine in horizontal section and my improved smoke and gas returning apparatus in the furnace and smokeiiue. Fig. 3 is a view of the furnace and boiler, taken from a position at its forward end and with the furnace front plate broken away and the side walls in vertical section, also showing the smoke-flue broken away and the improved smoke and gas returning apparatus within the furnace and smoke-nue. Fig. iis a plan view in detail ofthe horizontal portion of the smoke and gas mixing chamber with the gas-jets and the steam pipe and jets,also showing the chamber furnace-grate broken away to show the concentric j et openings.

Fig. 5 isa detail Serial No. 6218.927. (No-model.)

View of the jet-pipe connected with the gasmixing chamber.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts' in all the figures of the drawings. y

Referring to the drawings, A represents a steam-boiler furnace, of which ad are the side walls, and c2 the rear end wall.

a3 is the bridge-wall.

a4 is the grate-supporting wall.

a5 is the upwardly-inclined hearth extending from the grate-supporting wall to the bridge-wall.

d6 is the rear ashepit.

a7 is the furnace front plate.

o,S is the upper'furnace-door, opening above the grate, and of the lower furnace-door.

d10 is the furnace-grate.

au is the door in the rear end wall for the removal of the ashes.

@12 is the top of the furnace.

B represents the horizontal steam-boiler, arranged between the side walls a c and supported at its forward end by the front plate a7, through which it extends, and upon its sidel by the bracket b, connected with the end of said boiler.

19X is a wall-plate connected with the end of the boiler, resting upon the rear end wall a2.

b is the steam-dome, and b2 is the smokeflue, which is connected with the upper side and forward end of the boiler B.

b3 is the front end of the boiler, and b4 is the smoke-iiue in the boiler B, through which the smoke and gas passes from the furnace between the front plate b3 and the flues and thence up the smoke-flue b2.

In the construction of my improved apparatus for consuming the smoke and gas a pipe C of the requisite length is extended downwardly within the furnace, through the top am upon one side of the boiler B, and of the smoke-flue b2, the lower end of said pipe terminating at a point a considerable distance above the upper surface of the grate uw and a slight distance above a horizontal line extending through the top portion of the door a8. Upon the said lower end of pipe C is au elbow c. Upon the upper end of pipe C is an elbow c. With the elbow c is connected one end of a short length of vpipe c2, the other end IOO of which pipe extends through the side of the flue b2 at a point a short distance above the top portion of the boiler B and terminates a short distance from the inner side of said iiue. Upon the other side of the boiler B is a gas and smoke conducting pipe U', which is precisely the same as pipe C and arranged in position in like manner, said pipe C having a short length of pipe c4, corresponding to the pipe c2, which extends within the flue b2 from the other side and at a like distance from the inner side of said line as described of pipe c2. Upon the lower end of the pipe C is an elbow c5. Vith the elbow c on the lower end of the pipe C is connected one end of a steam-superheating pipe or chamber c', the other end ot' which pipe is connected with the elbow c6 on the lower end of the pipe C. On the side of pipe c2, toward the rear end wall CL2 and near the velbow c, is a gas-jet pipe c5, the other end of which is extended in width, the nozzle of which is provided with an oblong orifice c7. A short distance from the jet-tube c6, in the direction of the elbow c5, is a jet -tube o8, which is precisely the same as the jet-tube c6, and a series of said jet-tubes are connected with said pipe c2 in the same manner as the jet-tubes c6 o8 and extending in the same direction.

With the pipe C, at a point nearly equidistant from either end, is connected one end of a smoke and gas conducting pipe D, the other end of which pipe extends rearwardly to a position vertically in line with the inner side of the bridge-wall a3 and is bent at right angles, as at d, and extended downwardly through Vthe hearth d5 and a short distance below the under side portion of said hearth, and is then bent at right angles, as at d', and a return portion d2 extended forward through the gratesupporting wall co4 at a point a short distance below the under surface of the grate d10, and an elbow cl2, iitted upon said end, which is reversible in position, as seen in dotted lines. Upon the other side of the boiler B, and connected with the pipe C' at a corresponding point as described of pipe D, is connected a smoke and gas conducting pipe D', which is precisely the same in construction and arrangement as the pipe D and extends beneath the grate d10 in like manner.

With the top portion of the boiler B and a short distance from the dome b in the direction of the smoke-flue b2 is connected one end of a pipe e, with the upper end of which is connected an elbow e', in which elbow is a valve E. Vith the elbow e, which is elevated above the boiler about the same height as the pipes c2 c4, is connected one end of a steam-conducting pipe e2, the otherend of which pipe extends in the direction of and nearly to the smoke-flue b2, and upon said end is a four-way pipe-joint e3. l Vith said joint e3 is connected one end of a pipe e4, which is considerably less in size compared with pipe C, the other end of which pipe extends at right angles to the pipe e2 in the direction of the inner side of the Wall a and within an upwardly-extended groove or recess c in the inner side of said wall, thence extended in a downward direction within said space or recess, the lower end of which pipe extends downwardly the same distance as described of the pipe C and is inclined in position in theY direction of the inner side of the furnace front plate a7, upon which end is an elbow e5. Vith the four-way joint e3 is connected one end of a pipe c6, the other end of which pipe extends in the direction of the inner side of the furnace-wall a' and also downwardly the same described distance as the pipe e4 and within a recess in the inner side of the wall a' corresponding to that in the wall a. A Upon the lower end of the pipe e6 is an elbow e7. W'ith the elbow e5 on the lower end of pipe e4 is connected one end of a steamsuperheating pipe or case e8, the other end of which pipe is connected with the elbow e7 on the lower end of the pipe e6.

In the pipe C2, upon the side opposite the steam-pipe e8 and directly in rear of the jet opening or orifice, is an opening e9, and from the side of the pipe c6 opposite the opening a9 is extended a small j et-pipe @10, which extends within the opening c9 in the pipe C2 and iits closely therein and also extends to and a short distance within the jet-pipe c6, and between said pipe c6 and the jetpipe o9 is a concentric opening cl2.

In rear of the jet-pipe o8 is an opening, as described of the opening o9, in which is inserted a small pipe, connected with the pipe es, as described of the pipe elo, and a series of said pipes'are connected with the pipe o8 at suitable distances from each other in the direction of the other end of the pipe and extended within the pipeC2 in the same inan- VVith the four-way j'oint es, upon the top of the boiler, is also connected one end of a pipe j", the other end of which pipe extends through the rear side of the flue b2 to apoint in line with the opposite ends of the respective pipes c2 c4, and upon said end is a threeway pipe-joint f. With the three-way pipejoint f is connected one end of a pipe f2, the other 'end of which pipe extends in the direction of and a short distance within the pipe c2, between which and the inner side of the pipe c2 is a circular space 0X for thel passage of gas and smoke, the inner sides of which ends are funnel-shaped. Vith the three-way pipe-jointf' is connected one end of a pipe f3, the other end of which pipe extends in the direction of and a short distance within the slack, which contains a large percent. of carbon and is more commonly employed for furnaces, is placed upon the grate al@ and ig- IOO IOS

IIO

nited, the smoke and gas in the combustion of the fuel in the first making of the fire passing rearwardly over the hearth c5 to the rear end of the furnace, thence through the flues of the boilerB to the forward end of the boiler, and thence up the smoke-flue b2. As soon as the fire has obtained sufficient headway and the water in the boiler B generates live steam the valve E in the boiler is opened, so as to admit the steam in the upper part of the boiler to the pipe c2, which passes through the pipes e4 e6 to the respective jets 610 in the steam-superheating pipe e8, which, from its proximity to the fire, becomes intensely hot. The gasmixing pipe C2, from which extend the jetpipes c, being closer in position to the iire than the superheatingpipe e8, becomes also intensely hot, and the live steam admitted to the steam-superheating pipe es is subjected to decomposition and passes from the oblong jet-opening c7 in the jet-pipe c6 with great rapidity and causing a suction within the pipes C C and D D', which latter extend beneath the grate, and thereby drawing the gas which collects beneath the grate into the open end portion of each one of the pipes D D', which gas passes into the pipe C2, which forms a gas-mixing chamber, and is mixed with the decomposed steam from the superheatingpipe e8, thereby forming a hydrocarbon gas, which gas is forced under the pressure of the steam in a thin sheet upon the coals upon the grate, thus aiding combustion and creating an intense heat beneath the boiler.

During the mixing of the gases in the gasmixing chamber or pipe C2 the said pipe is raised to a cherry-red heat, eifecting the rapid production of the gas. At the time the suction is caused upon the respective pipes C C', by -the live steam passing through the pipes e4 e, the steam also passes rapidly within the open ends of each one of the pipes c2 c4 and thence down the pipes C C', causing a suction within the said pipes c2 c4 and drawing the vapors or gases which pass through the [iues in the boiler into the pipes C C and from thence carried to the gas-mixing pipe or chamber C2 and mixed with decomposed steamf In this manner a circulatory actionupon the products of combustion is eected, from the updraft beneath the grate and the downdraft in the smoke-flue, preventing the smoke from ascending and the hydrocarbon gas replenishing the fuel upon the grate, so that the saving in fuel is effected and the poor grades of bituminous coal may be used without the loss of its steam-making products. The total abolition of smoke from the furnace is thus attained. The iiame which passes over the hearth c5 carries a large quantity of fire-ash, which falls to the pit as, and is removed through the door au in the rear end wall a2.

In my invention the suction upon the smoke and gas in the smoke-flue and also beneath the furnace-grate is accomplished without the necessity of valves to regulate the flow of the gases or the admixture of the gases with the live steam.

The apparatus may also be applied to a battery of boilers with equal facility as in the single-boiler furnace, and the flow of the live steam regulated in any manner preferred or taken from any other source without departing from my invention.

The smoke and gas conducting pipes D D are designed to offer ready passage for the products of colnbustion, and are therefore of suitable size, the elbows at the ends of the pipe beneath the grate being changed, when desired, so as to be directed toward the grate. The steam-conducting pipes e4 '66, which are within the furnace, are kept therein preferably to prevent chilling of said pipes and the condensation of the-steam. When desired, the lower furnace-door u in the front plate 01,7 is opened to admit the air which passes through the pipes D D and mixing with the decomposed steam in chamber C2 forms an oxyhydrogen gas, which is more iniiammable and decarbonizes the products of combustion and is emitted from the gas-jet, so as to cover a wide space above the fuel upon the grate, as described in burning the hydrocarbon gas.

Having fully described my invention, what I now claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-boiler furnace the combination with said furnace and the smoke-flue of a gas-mixing chamber having gas-jet pipes arranged above the furnace-grate and within the heating agent, and a steam-superheating case in rear of said gas-mixing chamber and also in the heating agent, and a pipe connected with said superheating-case and extending within saidl gas-mixing chamber' in rear of said gas-jet pipe and a short distance within said jet-pipe and having a concentric opening for the passage 0f the mixed gases, asmoke-conducting pipe connected with said gas-mixing chamber at one end and the other end extended upwardly within the smokeiiue, a pipe for the live steam connected at one end with the steam-boiler and with the steam-superheating case at the other end, a branch pipe connected with the said steamconveying pipe at one end, and having the other end extending within the upper end of the said smoke-conductingpipe in the smokeiiue, said pipe having a concentric opening IOO IIO

for the passage of the smoke, and a smoke and gas returning pipe connected at one end with the upright smoke-conducting pipe at a suitable point between the opposite ends of said pipe and the other end extended beneath the furnace-grate, as and for the purpose described.

2. In a steam-boiler furnace the combination with said furnace and the smoke-Hue in the forward part of said furnace, of a gasmixing chamber having gas -jet pipes arranged above the furnace-grate, and within the heating agent, and a steam-superheating case in rear of said gas-mixing Chamberland also in the heating agent, and a pipe connected with said superheating-case and extending Within said gas-mixing chamber in rear of said jet-pipe and a short distance Within said jet-pipe and having a concentric opening for the passage of the mixed gases, a smoke-conducting pipe connected With said gas-mixing chamber at one end and the other end extended upwardly Within the smoke-Hue, apipe for the live steam connected at one end with the steam-boiler and the other end extended Within the upper end of the smokeconducting pipe, and having a Aconcentric opening for the passage of the smoke,a branch pipe connected at one end with the steam- 

